Microscopic analysis of tumor budding (TB) may be an essential predictive tool for regional lymph node metastases in colorectal cancer, especially among patients in intermediate stages, who exhibit considerable prognostic variability.
The aim of this study was to assess the predictive power of BT regarding the presence of lymph node metastases and its association with other characteristics related to colorectal carcinoma progression.
This is a cross-sectional, retrospective study with a quantitative approach, focusing on the review of medical records and histopathological reports of patients who underwent oncologic surgery for colorectal cancer.
A total of 153 patient records were examined, with a predominance of the 61-70 age group and a male majority (50.98%). Adenocarcinoma not otherwise specified was the most common histological type (60.78%), with the majority exhibiting moderate differentiation (87.58%). From the total sample, 97 cases (63.39%) exhibited TB, with 51.55% classified as a high budding score. Invasion of adipose tissue/subserosa was the most prevalent, occurring in 46.41% of cases. Regional lymph node metastases and angiolymphatic invasion were observed in 66 and 101 patients, respectively. Cross-tabulation analysis showed a statistically significant association between TB and lymph node metastasis (p<0.05).
The relationship between TB and lymph node metastasis highlights the significance of this histological factor in the risk stratification and prognosis of patients with colorectal cancer, complementing TNM staging. Therefore, the assessment of tumor budding is crucial in histopathological reports, potentially influencing additional therapeutic decisions.
Knowing esophageal tumors behavior in relationship to lymph node involvement, distant metastases and local tumor invasion is of paramount importance for the best esophageal tumors management.
To describe lymph node involvement, distant metastases, and local tumor invasion in esophageal carcinoma, according to tumor topography and histology.
A total of 444 patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and 105 adenocarcinoma were retrospectively analyzed. They were divided into four groups: adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma in the three esophageal segments: cervical, middle, and distal. They were compared based on their CT scans at the time of the diagnosis.
Nodal metastasis showed great relationship with of primary tumor site. Lymph nodes of hepatogastric, perigastric and peripancreatic ligaments were mainly affected in distal tumors. Periaortic, interaortocaval and portocaval nodes were more commonly found in distal squamous carcinoma; subcarinal, paratracheal and subaortic nodes in middle; neck chains were more affected in cervical squamous carcinoma. Adenocarcinoma had a higher frequency of peritoneal involvement (11.8%) and liver (24.5%) than squamous cell carcinoma. Considering the local tumor invasion, the more cranial neoplasia, more common squamous invasion of airways, reaching 64.7% in the incidence of cervical tumors. Middle esophageal tumors invade more often aorta (27.6%) and distal esophageal tumors, the pericardium and the right atrium (10.4%).
Esophageal adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma in different topographies present peculiarities in lymph node involvement, distant metastasis and local tumor invasion. These differences must be taken into account in esophageal cancer patients' care.
Desenvolvido por Surya MKT