Animal models are useful to evaluate the efficacy of antimicrobials in experimental sepsis.
To elucidate the steps of producing an experimental model for the treatment of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae sepsis
Several ESBL inoculums ranging from 1.5x109 colony-forming units per milliliter (CFU/mL) to 2.0x1010CFU/mL were administered by peritoneal injection in adults Wistar rats. Outcomes and microbiological data of quantitative peritoneal and blood cultures were observed in untreated animals. Animals which received 2.0x1010CFU/mL inoculums were treated with single meropenem dose (30mg/kg) after one hour and those which received 1.0x1010CFU/mL inoculums were treated immediately with three doses of meropenem 50 mg/kg. Outcomes were observed for 24 hours after inoculation.
Solutions with 1.5 x109 and 6.0x109 CFU/mL were not lethal within 24 hours. Inoculums of 1.0x1010CFU/mL were lethal in 80% and solutions with 2.0x1010 CFU/mL were lethal in 100% of animals. ESBL lethal sepsis (1.0x1010CFU/mL) was treated immediately with 50 mg/kg of meropenem every eight hours for 24 hours and presented 40% mortality compared with 80% mortality of the control group (p=0.033). Quantitative cultures of peritoneal fluid presented 104CFU/mL or less for treated animals compared to more than 105 for untreated animals (p=0.001).
Inoculums of 1.0x1010CFU/mL achieved the best results to study a model of lethal sepsis and this model of treatment of carbapenem-susceptible Enterobacteriaceae can serve as control to further evaluation of treatment of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae models.
Sepsis is a potentially life-threatening complication of an infection that occurs when chemicals released into the bloodstream to fight the infection trigger inflammatory responses throughout the body, especially in the acute phase of the disease, producing excessive pro-inflammatory cytokines, leading to multiple organ injury and death. The Hev b 13 fraction has demonstrated biological activity capable of inducing IL-10 production and shrinking inflammatory disease lesions.
To investigate the immunomodulating effects of the Hev b 13 fraction on septic rats.
Acinetobacter baumannii was injected into the peritoneal cavity of the animals after sustaining a lesion in the pancreas, with the stomach as an entry point. After 10 h of infection, they were euthanized for blood and lung collection, followed by total and differential leukocyte count, determination of cytokine level and histopathological analysis.
Administering a single dose of the Hev b 13 fraction 2 h after sepsis induction significantly decreased total leukocyte count. Higher IL-10 and IL-4 and lower IL-6 production shrank the lung tissue lesions compared to the control groups.
The Hev b 13 fraction exhibits an anti-inflammatory tendency, with potential for sepsis treatment.
Sepsis is an important public health issue and is associated with high treatment costs and high mortality rates. Glutamine supplementation has proven to be beneficial to the functions of the immune system, acting beneficially in the evolution of patients in severe catabolic states.
To evaluate the effect of glutamine supplementation via intraperitoneal in rats, induced sepsis, considering the following organs: intestines, liver, kidneys and lungs.
Male Wistar rats subjected to sepsis by ligature and cecal puncture were divided into two groups: control C (n=6) and glutamine G (n=11), in which were administered dipeptiven 20% at a dose of 2 ml/kg/day (equivalent to 0.4g N(2)-L-alanyl-L-glutamine/kg) intraperitoneally 48 h prior to sepsis induction. After 48 h they were euthanized and intestine, liver, lung and kidney were removed for histological analysis.
Intestinal epithelial desquamation of the control group was more intense compared to the glutamine group (p=0.008). In the kidneys, degenerative tubular epithelial changes were less severe in the animals that received glutamine (p=0.029). Regarding to the liver, glutamine group showed lower levels of cell swelling than the control group (p=0.034). In the lung there were no results with statistical significance.
Prior intraperitoneal supplementation with glutamine in experimental animals is able to reduce the damage to the intestinal mucosa, to the kidneys and liver’s histoarchitecture.
Desenvolvido por Surya MKT